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Sycophaginae Walker

(Life: Kingdom: Metazoa (animals); Phylum: Arthropoda; Class: Hexapoda; Order: Hymenoptera;  Superfamily: Chalcidoidea; Family: Pteromalidae)

Sycophaginae Walker, 1975

ClassificationIdentification keys

Anidarnes Bouček, 1993

Conidarnes Farache & Rasplus, 2015
 

Eukoebelea Ashmead, 1904

Idarnes Walker, 1843

Pseudidarnes Girault, 1927

Sycidiphaga Liu, Rasplus & Huang, 2017

Sycophaga Westwood, 1840

Distribution

Worldwide.

Biology

Gall formers developing in fig ovules.

References

Bouček Z., 1988. Australian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) : a biosystematic revision of genera of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International, Wallingford, 1-832 pp.

Burks R, Mitroiu M-D, Fusu L, Heraty JM, Janšta P, Heydon S, Papilloud ND-S, Peters RS, Tselikh EV, Woolley JB, van Noort S, Baur H, Cruaud A, Darling C, Haas M, Hanson P, Krogmann L, Rasplus J-Y. 2022. From hell’s heart I stab at thee! A determined approach to rendering Pteromalidae (Hymenoptera) monophyletic. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 94:13-88. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.94.94263

Cruaud A, Rasplus J-Y, Zhang J, Burks R, Delvare G, Fusu L, Gibson GAP, Gumovsky A, Hanson P, Huber JT, Janšta P, Mitroiu M-D, Noyes JS, van Noort S, Baker A, Böhmová J, Baur H, Blaimer BB, Brady1 SG, Bubeníková K, Chartois M, Copeland RS, Dale-Skey Papilloud N, Dal Molin A, Darling C, Dominguez C, Fisher N, Gates MW, Gebiola M, Guerrieri E, Haas M, Hansson C, Heydon S, Kresslein RL, Krogmann L, Moriarty Lemmon E, Mottern J, Murray E, Nidelet S, Nieves Aldrey JL, Perry R, Peters RS, Pinto JD, Polaszek A, Sauné L, Schmidt S, Torréns J, Triapitsyn S, Tselikh EV, Ubaidillah R, Yoder M, Lemmon A, Woolley JB, Heraty JM. In press. The Chalcidoidea bush of life–a massive radiation blurred by mutational saturation. Systematic Entomology https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.09.11.507458

Cruaud, A., Jabbour-Zahab, R., Genson, G., Couloux, A., Yan-Qiong, P., Da Rong, Y., Ubaidillah, R.,  Pereira, R.A.S., Kjellberg, F., Van Noort, S., Kerdelhué, C. & Rasplus, J.Y. 2011. Out of Australia and back again: the world-wide historical biogeography of non-pollinating fig wasps (Hymenoptera: Sycophaginae). Journal of Biogeography 38: 209-225.

Cruaud, A., Jabbour-Zahab, R., Genson, G., Kjellberg, F., Kobmoo, N., Van Noort, S., Da-Rong, Y., Yan-Qiong, P., Ubaidillah, R., Hanson, P.E., Santos-Mattos, O., Farache, F.H.A., Pereira, R.A.S., Kerdelué, C. & Rasplus, J.Y. 2011. Phylogeny and evolution of life-history strategies in Sycophaginae non-pollinating fig wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea). BMC Evolutionary Biology 11: 178. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-178.

Farache FHA, Cruaud A, Genson G, Pereira RAS, & Rasplus J-Y. 2013. Taxonomic revision and molecular phylogeny of the fig wasp genus Anidarnes Bouček, 1993 (Hymenoptera, Sycophaginae). Systematic Entomology 38: 14–34. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3113.2012.00644.x

Farache, F.H.A. & Rasplus, J.Y. 2014. Revision of the Australasian genus Pseudidarnes Girault, 1927 (Hymenoptera, Agaonidae, Sycophaginae). Zookeys 404: 31-70. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.404.7204

Farache, F.H.A. & Rasplus, J.Y. 2015. Conidarnes, a new Oriental genus of Sycophaginae (Hymenoptera, Agaonidae) associated with Ficus section Conosycea (Moraceae). ZooKeys 539: 119–145. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.539.6529.

Farache FHA, Cruaud A, Genson G, Rasplus J, & Pereira RAS. 2017. Taxonomic revision and molecular phylogenetics of the Idarnes incertus species-group (Hymenoptera, Agaonidae, Sycophaginae). PeerJ 5:e2842 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2842

Girault, A.A. 1927. Notes on and descriptions of chalcid wasps (Chalcididae) in the South Australian Museum. Records of the South Australian Museum 3:309-338.

Liu Y, Rasplus JY, van Noort S, Li Z, Huang D. 2017. Sycidiphaga, a new genus of Sycophaginae Walker, 1975 (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Agaonidae) associated with Ficus subgenus Sycidium in southern China. Zootaxa 4306: 91-107. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4306.1.5

Mayr, G. 1906. Neue Feigen-Insekten. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung 25: 153-187.

Walker, F. 1875. Descriptions of new genera and species of parasites, belonging to the families Proctotrupidae and Chalcididae, which attack insects destructive to the fig in India. Entomologist 8: 15-18.

Credits

Photographs © Simon van Noort (Iziko Museums of South Africa) or © Fernando Farache (Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations, Montpellier, France).

Web authors Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum)

and Jean-Yves Rasplus (INRA, France)

 

Citation: van Noort, S. & Rasplus, JY. 2024. Figweb: figs and fig wasps of the world. URL: www.figweb.org(Accessed on <day-month-year>).

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